Journal: Journal of Sport and Health Science

Article Title: Exercise training-induced extracellular miR-136-3p modulates glucose uptake and myogenesis through targeting of NRDC in human skeletal muscle

doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101091

Figure Lengend Snippet: MiR-136-3p content in cell culture medium and uptake of extracellular miR-136-3p into cultured myotubes. MiRNA content in (A) human myotubes and (B) human pancreatic islets culture media. Results were first normalized using RNU1A1 and then presented in relation to miR-23a-3p content for n = 4 different donors for myotubes cultures and n = 4 donors for human islets. Left panel (C) shows bright-field image of cultured human myotubes and right panel (C) shows a representative fluorescence image of cultured human myotubes with cells exposed to human serum-derived EVs loaded with Cy3-miR-136-3p. Cy3 fluorescence (red) is detected in the whole cytoplasm of the human myotubes. (D) Representative fluorescence image of human myotubes exposed to HEK293 culture medium with EVs loaded with Cy3-miR-136-3p (red). (E) Representative image of human myotubes exposed to EVs loaded with TexasRed-labeled with a control RNA (orange). Nuclear Hoechst staining is shown in blue. Scale bar = 100 μm. EVs = extracellular vesicles; HEK293 = human embryonic kidney; miR = microRNA; Rel = relative; RNU1A1 = U1 small nuclear RNA.

Article Snippet: Human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured in high-glucose (4.5 g/L) Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) FBS.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Fluorescence, Derivative Assay, Labeling, Control, Staining

Journal: Journal of Sport and Health Science

Article Title: Exercise training-induced extracellular miR-136-3p modulates glucose uptake and myogenesis through targeting of NRDC in human skeletal muscle

doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101091

Figure Lengend Snippet: NRDC is a direct target of miR-136-3p in human myotubes. Skeletal muscle NRDC mRNA is responsive to training and inactivity. (A) Tissue mRNA expression of NRDC from the Human Protein Atlas database showing enriched expression of NRDC in human skeletal muscle. (B) The miR-136-3p target site in the NRDC gene is highly conserved in mammals. (C) Luciferase activity in HEK293 cells co-transfected the NRDC 3’UTR and miR-136-3p with or without anti-miR136-3p inhibitors. miR-136-3p transfection downregulates NRDC (D) mRNA and (E) representative image of protein abundance in human myotubes. (F) Publicly available data ( GSE14413 ) showing NRDC mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle of healthy young participants after 6 weeks of endurance training ( n = 8). (G) Publicly available data ( GSE120862 ) showing NRDC mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle of healthy young participants after 2 months of aerobic training ( n = 10). (H) Publicly available data ( GSE14901 ) showing NRDC mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle of healthy young participants after 14 days of immobilization ( n = 24). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005. GSE = gene set enrichment; HEK293 = human embryonic kidney; miR = microRNA; NC = negative control; NRDC = nardilysin convertase; nTPM = normalized transcripts per million; si NRDC = small interfering RNA of NRDC ; UTR = untranslated region.

Article Snippet: Human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured in high-glucose (4.5 g/L) Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) FBS.

Techniques: Expressing, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Transfection, Quantitative Proteomics, Negative Control, Small Interfering RNA

Journal: 2d Materials

Article Title: Precursor-dependent optical and structural properties of eleven NIR-emissive graphene quantum dots for bioimaging applications

doi: 10.1088/2053-1583/ae4e41

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell viability of HEK-293 cells treated with (a) chitosan GQDs (mint green), glucosamine hydrochloride GQDs (blue), ascorbic acid GQDs (pink), dextran GQDs (violet), sodium citrate GQDs (dark yellow), and sodium cholate GQDs (black) and (b) PEG GQDs (dark green), L-glutamic acid GQDs (light -blue), hyaluronic acid GQDs (orange), glucose GQDs (dark purple), and citric acid–urea GQDs (red), (c) and their highest biocompatible concentrations evaluated via the MTT assay.

Article Snippet: HEK-293 cells (CRL-1573, ATCC) were plated into a 96-well plate at a density of 5000 cells per well and incubated at 37.1 °C with 5% CO 2 for approximately 18 h. Next, the cells were pre-treated with different concentrations of GQDs prepared by serial dilution.

Techniques: MTT Assay